Forms Of Territorial Organization Research Articles

Pandemic, Criminal Governance and Mechanisms of Social and Economic Regulation in Three Latin American Contexts

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused a series of adversities not only in people’s lives but also in cities and their forms of territorial organization. How has it interfered with the mechanisms of social and economic regulation of crime in Latin America? This article compares three urban contexts where the regulation of armed actors has become important and criminal governance has reached a certain degree of stability or sophistication. Taking the pandemic as a turning point, we compare possible transformations related to mechanisms of regulation used by illegal armed groups in the peripheries of large cities or centers of power in Colombia and Brazil.

ІННОВАЦІЙНИЙ ЛАНДШАФТ ЯК ФОРМА ПУБЛІЧНО-ПРИВАТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА 1

The article examines the innovative landscape as a form of public-private partnership. The existing economic achievements in the interpretation of innovative landscapes are studied. It has been found that the formation of innovative landscapes is based on partnerships between economic agents. Cooperation and integration of science, education and business becomes possible provided that the interests, goals and objectives of the interacting parties are consistent. The principle of uniting the three entities on the basis of partnership determines the conditions for reconciling the interests of economic agents, coordination of their activities, exchange and distribution of resources: business is focused primarily on profit, while science is primarily interested in creating new knowledge and education for the training of qualified specialists. It is determined that the innovation landscape on the basis of public-private partnership will integrate the efforts of the state, business, science and education to develop a common vision of prospects for innovative development, as well as the formation and implementation of promising research and development programs. The main elements of public-private partnership in the field of education and science are analyzed. The main features of innovative landscapes on the basis of public-private partnership are given: mutual goals in the field of common interests; joint solution of common problems; equality; voluntary participation; pooling resources, information to achieve common goals; long term of interaction; specific forms of distribution of responsibilities and risks between partner participants; the implementation of partnerships takes place in a competitive environment. The formation of the innovation landscape is to create a partnership between the state, science, education and business, which could act as a favorable environment for the emergence and development of innovation. The key areas for the formation of innovative landscapes are the implementation of programs for the development of innovative activities; formation of new forms of territorial organization; increasing the activity of scientific and educational institutions; development of models and mechanisms to stimulate partnerships between business, research and educational institutions; stimulating the formation of new sectors of the economy; improving the efficiency of education and training.

Hipótesis sobre la antropización del territorio entre la desembocadura del Guadalquivir y la Bahía de Cádiz durante los siglos III a.C. y I d.C.

Between the 3rd centuries BC and 1st AD a series of historical changes take place in the Bay of Cadiz and the mouth of the Guadalquivir that will disrupt the organization and management of the environment. The war situation will mark the beginning of the time studied (at the end of the 3rd century BC), and will be the foundation of public works and new forms of territorial organization that, finally, will lead to the greatest modification of the landscape known prior to Industrialization. The hypothesis that is exposed is the fruit of a reflection on the nature of the landscape that is described in the Greco-Latin sources of the second centuries BC to the 1st AD, and its contrast with the geoarchaeological evidence, all considered from the criticism of the existing bibliography to the present day, based on a paradigm of several settlements that, for the time analyzed, is uniquely from one: Gadir.

REGULATORY AND LEGAL BASIS OF TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT

The article deals with some aspects of regulatory regulation of territorial development in Ukraine. In the context of the reform of the decentralization of power and the creation on the basis of administrative-territorial units of a new format of territorial entities - united territorial communities, special attention should be paid to the issues of legislative regulation of socio-economic, administrative, political, administrative and other issues of their development. Changes in the legislative framework for the development of united territorial communities are aimed at improving the effectiveness of socio-economic development. Therefore, regulatory regulation should aim not only at the legal regulation of legal relations, but also take into account the peculiarities of economic development, changing social needs of the population and creating additional opportunities in the conditions of innovative development, scientific and technological progress and processes of digitalization. The article provides a critical analysis of a set of regulatory documents on the development of territories, and suggests ways to continue improving the legislative support system. analysis of the regulatory framework for regulating territorial development has identified the following disadvantages: the need for compliance of regulatory documents to identify new forms of territorial organization - united territorial communities, the need to set new territorial development priorities in line with current global challenges and development opportunities, the need to formulate a fundamentally new concept of territorial development aimed at implementing the provisions of "smart" urbanized territories, rational use and a "green" economy.

Incidencia de los medios de comunicación en el desarrollo de la identidad cultural en comunitarios y comunitarias, Wasakín, Municipio de Rosita 2015-2016

Utilizando la metodología del CCRISAC, la investigación se realizó en la comunidad de Wasakin, a través de un proceso de convivencia con ancianos, ancianas, líderes y lideresas. El contexto sociocultural en que viven comunitarios y comunitarias, muestran que las costumbres y tradiciones han cambiado con el pasar de los años, desde las formas de organización y gobernanza territorial, respeto por las autoridades comunales así como la sustitución de su lengua materna sumu-tuahka por el miskitu. El estudio constata que la televisión responde a un perfil comercial y a una progra- mación transmitida en español e ingles, y por ende, a una cultura distinta al de los pueblos indígenas. Son medios de comunicación que han penetrado el tejido social, logrando incidir en las formas de vida, prácticas y actitudes de las personas que la ven. Tanto la televisión como la radio rompieron esquemas y se incorporaron a la vida cotidiana familiar del territorio. Particulamente, llama la atención que la televisión se ha convertido en parte importante de la cultura, al constatarse que las imágenes alteran las emociones y los espacios de las personas, estimulan las narrativas orales y visuales y, transforman las prácticas culturales de la comunidad.

Innovative clusters as the evolution of forms of territorial organization of productive forces

In this article, the evolution of approaches to the concept of «cluster» is considered, and scientific approaches to the territorial organization of productive forces are identified and systematized. Classification of clusters by functional affiliation is presented. The definition of the concept of an «innovation cluster» is proposed, the characteristics of an innovative cluster are identified, and a model for the interaction of participants in an innovation cluster is formulated.

АНАЛІЗ ПРАКТИКИ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ СУБРЕГІОНАЛЬНИХ ФОРМ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНОЇ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ

У статті проаналізовано досвід функціонування субрегіональних форм територіальної організації, створених за ініціативою державних органів влади, органів місцевого самоврядування та за спільною ініціативою державних органів влади та органів місцевого самоврядування. З’ясовано, що, як для федеративних, так і унітарних держав, необхідність формування субрегіонів полягає у комплексному вирішенні завдань щодо розвитку не тільки території, а й регіону і, навіть, країни. Запропоновано при утворенні субрегіонів враховувати специфічні особливості територій, які до нього входитимуть, інтереси економічних агентів, зосереджених на цих територіях, та формувати стратегічне бачення субрегіону як цілісної міжтериторіальної спільноти. Це дозволить забезпечити довгостроковість багаторівневих відносин субрегіонального об’єднання та сприятиме розвитку регіону.

Sustainable Governance of Urban-Rural Relations: Examples of European Good Practices

Urban and rural areas are confirmed as the extremes of a continuum that represents the predominant portion of territorial space and combines contemporary, sometimes disorderly, their essential characteristics. It follows the partial worthlessness or the difficult applicability of rigid forms of territorial organization based on a rigid hierarchy of functions. The aim is to point out good practices of government regulation of these new and heterogeneous territories thanks to a comparative study of some projects of territorial government tried out in Europe. Of these, we highlight some of the most relevant.

Les représentations territoriales du système postal par ses agents et ses clients [Une étude exploratoire]

This paper describes an exploratory research carried in the south of the Paris region, in the Essonne département, and concerning the relations between the French postal company, La Poste, and the territory. Both users and staff accept the idea that the republican ideal of a spatially strictly homogeneous supply is not sustainable any more. In practice, this republican (socio-political) ideal has long co-existed with two other forms of territorial organization: an industrial form generated by the requirements of postal flows management; an economic form, as services were spatially and socially differenciated. These three forms (socio-political, industrial, economic) are associated with different patterns of territoriality The central issue in the regulation of the postal system lies in making these territorial patterns compatible.